• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    This biofilm filter device (20) removes, using a biofilm which is formed on a filter medium layer (22), impurities which are mixed in a liquid to be treated which is made to flow into the filter medium layer (22) from an upstream side and discharges a filtered liquid from a downstream side, said device (20) comprising: a wash water supply unit (51) which supplies wash water from the downstream side of the filter medium layer (22); and a control unit (52) which controls the flow speed of the wash water which is supplied by the wash water supply unit (51). The control unit (52) supplies the wash water at a first flow speed whereat only a layer of a prescribed range on the upstream side of the filter medium layer fluidizes, and then supplies the wash water at a second flow speed whereat the whole of the filter medium layer (22) does not fluidize.
    公开号:ES2589593A2
    申请号:ES201690032
    申请日:2015-01-30
    公开日:2016-11-15
    发明作者:Katsunori Matsui
    申请人:Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    BiopeKcula filtering device, desalination system and cleaning procedure of the biopeKcula filtering device
    Technical field
    The present invention relates to a biopeKcula filtering device, a desalination system and a cleaning procedure of the biopeKcula filtering device.
    The priority of Japanese patent application No. 2014-016963, filed on January 31, 2014, whose content is incorporated herein by reference, is claimed.
    Background Technique
    A filtering device in the related art includes a bio-filtering device in which a bio-film formed on a layer of the filtering medium (sand layer) filled with a filtering medium, such as sand, removes the impurities mixed in water. untreated (target liquid), such as seawater and wastewater, which flows from an upstream side to discharge the target liquid from a downstream side as a filtered liquid.
    In this type of bio-filtering device, for example, as disclosed in a patent literature 1, it is necessary to remove the impurities that adhere to the bio-film by performing a subsequent cleaning process to make the wash water flow from the downstream side to the upstream side of the filter media layer after a predetermined operating time (filtration time) elapses.
    A patent literature 2 discloses a biofilter filtering device in which an inlet port for the wash water is disposed in an intermediate part between an upstream side and a downstream side in a layer of the filtering medium (full layer filler) to properly clean and remove only a large amount of floating substances (impurities) deposited on a part of the upstream side (part of the surface layer) in a subsequent cleaning process.
    Appointment List
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    Patent literature
    [Patent literature 1] Japanese patent application not examined, first publication No. H9-215986
    [Patent literature 2] Japanese patent application not examined, first publication No. H8-252590
    Summary of the invention Technical problem
    However, according to the biopeKcula filtering device disclosed in patent literature 1, the wash water supplied to a layer of the filtering medium during cleaning has a unique (constant) flow rate. Consequently, there is a possibility that a filtering function using the filter media layer may decrease or that a cleaning time may be lengthened due to cleaning. For example, if the flow rate is slow to the point that the entire filter media layer is not fluidized, the cleaning time is extended by a range upstream side of the filter media layer that in particular It has a large amount of impurities, thereby extending the time required to restart the filtration of a target liquid. In addition, for example, if the flow rate is rapid to the point that the entire filtering medium layer is fluidized, a bio-film formed on a surface of a filtering medium separates therefrom, thereby preventing the function of filtration using the layer of the filtering medium. As a result, the time required to restart the filtration of the target liquid is lengthened.
    According to the biofilm filtering device disclosed in the patent literature 2, only a range of the upstream side in the filtrate media layer is cleaned. Consequently, even if the flow rate of the wash water is rapid, the bio-film does not separate in a range from the downstream side of the layer of the filtrate. However, since the range of the downstream side is not cleaned, the filtration function using the layer of the filtration medium decreases.
    The present invention is made in view of the circumstances described above, and a
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    The purpose of this is to provide a biopeKcula filtering device, a desalination system that includes the same and a cleaning procedure of the biopeKcula filtering device, which can quickly and efficiently clean a layer of the filtering medium while avoiding that a filtration function is degraded.
    Solution to the problem
    (1) In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a bio-filtering device is provided in which a bio-film formed on a layer of the filtering medium removes mixed impurities in a target liquid flowing from an upstream side to discharge a liquid filtered from a downstream side. The biofilter filtering device includes a wash water supply unit that supplies wash water from the downstream side of the layer of the filter medium, and a control unit that controls a flow rate of the supplied wash water by the washing water supply unit. After the control unit supplies the wash water at a first flow rate that fluidizes only a preset interval layer on the upstream side of the filter media layer, the control unit supplies the wash water to a second flow rate that does not fluidize the entire filter media layer.
    (2) In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a method of cleaning a bio-filtering device for cleaning a layer of the filtering medium is provided by supplying wash water from a side downstream of the layer of the filtering medium. by the bio-filtering device in which a bio-film formed on the layer of the filtering medium removes mixed impurities in a target liquid flowing from an upstream side to discharge a filtered liquid from the downstream side. The cleaning process includes a first cleaning process of supplying the wash water at a first flow rate that fluidizes only a preset interval layer on the upstream side of the filter media layer, and a second cleaning process of supplying the wash water at a second flow rate that does not fluidize the entire filter media layer after the first cleaning process.
    According to the bio-filtering device and the cleaning procedure described above, when the layer of the filtering medium is cleaned, firstly, an upstream side interval (preset interval layer on the upstream side) of the layer of the filtering medium that has a large amount of impurities that
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    adhere to the biopeKcula is positively fluidized. Accordingly, impurities in the range of the upstream side of the layer of the filtering medium can be removed quickly and efficiently. On the other hand, even if the wash water is supplied to the filter media layer at the first flow rate, the range of the downstream side of the filter media layer is not fluidized. However, after this, by continuously supplying the wash water at the second flow rate, the impurities in the range of the downstream side of the layer of the filtering medium can also be sufficiently removed.
    In addition, according to the bio-filtering device and the cleaning procedure described above, the range of the upstream side within the layer of the filtering medium is fluidized limited by the wash water. Consequently, the bio-film is separated only from a preset interval layer on the upstream side of the filter media layer due to cleaning, and the bio film in the downstream side range of the filter media layer It stays as it is. Therefore, even if cleaning is performed, a filtering function of the biofilter filtering device can be maintained. Even immediately after cleaning, the target liquid can be filtered.
    For the reason described above, in accordance with the bio-filtering device and the cleaning procedure described above, compared to a case in which the wash water is supplied at a single flow rate, the impurities that adhere to The biofilm of the layer of the filtering medium can be effectively removed while preventing the filtration function from degrading.
    (3) In the bio-film filtering device described in (1), the bio-filtering device also includes a detection unit that detects the turbidity of an effluent flowing from the upstream side of the layer of the filtering medium. of the washing water supplied by the washing water supply unit. The control unit switches the flow rates of the wash water, based on a turbidity detection result of the detection unit.
    In this case, according to the turbidity of the effluent, the flow rate of the wash water that is supplied to the layer of the filtering medium can be suitably switched from the first flow rate to the second flow rate. Consequently, the impurities that adhere to the bio-film of the layer of the filtering medium can be removed more
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    enough.
    (4) In the biopeKcula filtering device described in (1) or (3), the layer of the filtering medium is divided into multiple layers in one direction from the upstream side to the downstream side. At least one of a particle size and a specific weight of a filtering medium in the uppermost layer located in the uppermost stream in the multiple layers is adjusted to be smaller than that of the filtering medium in the other layers located on the downstream side of the uppermost layer. The first flow rate controlled by the control unit is the flow rate that fluidizes only the uppermost layer.
    In this case, due to the flow of the wash water, the uppermost layer is more likely to fluidize than the other layers. Consequently, the first flow rate is easily adjusted. That is, only the uppermost layer can be fluidized properly and simply. Therefore, it is possible to shorten a cleaning time.
    Also, since the uppermost layer is more likely to be fluidized than the other layers, the first flow rate can be reduced to a lower level. In this way, even if cleaning is done, the bio-film is more easily maintained as it is in the layer of the filtering medium. It is possible to reduce the amount of washing water used for cleaning.
    (5) In the bio-filtering device described in any one of (1), (3) and (4), the layer of the filtering medium is divided into multiple layers in a direction from the upstream side to the side from downstream. The bio-filtering device also includes a mixing inhibitor that is disposed between the uppermost layer located on the uppermost side in the multiple layers and the other layers adjacent to the downstream side of the uppermost layer, and that inhibits the uppermost layer and the other layers blend together.
    In this case, the uppermost layer and the other layers are prevented from mixing with each other. Consequently, only the uppermost layer is reliably fluidized by supplying the wash water at the first flow rate. In this way, it is possible to reliably prevent the other layers from fluidizing.
    (6) In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a system of providing
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    desalination that includes the biopeKcula filtering device according to any one of (1) and (3) to (5), and a desalination device that desalinates the filtered liquid discharged from the biopeKcula filtering device.
    Advantageous effects of the invention
    In accordance with the present invention, impurities that adhere to a bio-film of a layer of the filtering medium can be effectively removed while preventing a filtration function of a bio-film filtering device from degrading.
    Brief description of the drawings
    FIG. 1 is a view illustrating an example of a desalination system employing a biofilter filtering device and a method of cleaning the biofilm filtering device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
    FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a filtration process, and the first and second cleaning processes that are performed on the bio-filtering device illustrated in FIG. one.
    FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a relationship between a cleaning time and turbidity in the first and second cleaning processes that are performed in the biofilter filtering device illustrated in FIG. one.
    FIG. 4 is a view illustrating a biofilter filtering device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
    FIG. 5 is a view illustrating a relationship between a flow rate and a cleaning effect around a layer of the filtering medium in a cleaning procedure performed on the bio-filtering device illustrated in FIG. Four.
    FIG. 6 is a view illustrating a biofilter filtering device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
    Description of embodiments
    [First mode of realization]
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    Next in the present document, a first embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1-3.
    A biopeKcula filtering device according to the present embodiment is applied to a desalination system 1 illustrated in FIG. 1. Desalination system 1 desalinates untreated water (target liquid), such as seawater and wastewater. The desalination system 1 includes a purifier 10 that performs the desalination pretreatment (hereinafter referred to as "pretreatment") in seawater, and a desalination device 40 that desalinates seawater subjected to pretreatment (water of secondary pretreated sea, which will be described below). The purifier 10 and the desalination device 40 are connected to each other by a connection tube 11.
    Hereinafter, an example will be described in which seawater is treated as untreated water (target liquid).
    The purifier 10 includes two biofilm filtering devices 20 and 30 for pretreatment in seawater in two stages. The two biofilter filtering devices 20 and 30 are connected to each other in series by a connection tube 12.
    In the purifier 10, the seawater is first guided to the primary biofilm filtering device 20 (hereinafter referred to as "primary filtering device 20"). In the primary filtering device 20, pretreatment is carried out in the first stage (primary pretreatment), and the seawater is converted to primary pretreated seawater (filtered liquid). The primary pretreated seawater is guided to the secondary biofilm filtering device 30 (hereinafter referred to as "secondary filtering device 30") through the connecting tube 12. The primary pretreated seawater (target liquid ) guided to the secondary filtering device 30 is converted to the secondary pretreated seawater (filtered liquid) subjected to pretreatment (secondary pretreatment) in the second stage. Secondary pretreated seawater is supplied to the desalination device 40 through the connecting tube 11. Therefore, impurities such as turbid components (contaminants such as sand or mud) mixed in the seawater are further removed in the primary filtering device 20, as compared to the secondary filtering device 30.
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    A seawater filtration treatment direction in the biopeKcula filtering devices 20 and 30 according to the present embodiment is a vertically downward direction as illustrated in FIG. 1. However, without being limited to this, for example, the address may be an obliquely downward direction with respect to the vertical direction or a horizontal direction.
    The purified seawater in the primary filtering device 20 and the secondary filtering device 30 is supplied from the purifier 10 to the desalination device 40 by the connecting tube 11. The desalination device 40 includes a pump 41 that introduces the water of purified sea (secondary pretreated seawater), and a reverse osmosis membrane 42 that separates seawater into freshwater and concentrated seawater.
    The primary filtering device 20 performs a pretreatment without chemicals forming a layer of the filtering medium 22 in which the filtering vessel 21 (filtering tower) is filled internally with a granulated filtering medium such as sand, and forming a biofilm on a surface of the filtering medium that forms the layer of the filtering medium 22. The layer of the filtering medium 22 according to the present embodiment is installed in an intermediate part of the filtering vessel 21 leaving a portion of suitable space in the upstream side and the downstream side. A particle size or a specific weight of the filtering medium that forms the layer of the filtering medium 22 in accordance with the present embodiment is adjusted to be, for example, substantially uniform.
    An untreated water pipe 13 is connected to an upper part (part of the upstream side) of the filter vessel 21. Seawater is introduced into the upper part of the filter vessel 21 of the untreated water pipe 13. A connection-disconnection valve (first connection-disconnection valve) 23 for opening and closing the untreated water pipe 13 is arranged in the untreated water pipe 13. In addition, a water side pressure sensing unit above 24 which detects the pressure of seawater flowing in the untreated water pipe 13 is arranged in the vicinity of the filtrate vessel 21 in the untreated water pipe 13.
    In addition, the connection tube described above 12 is connected to a lower part (part of the downstream side) of the filter vessel 21. A connection-disconnection valve (second connection-disconnection valve) 25 to open and close the tube of connection 12 is arranged in the vicinity of the filter vessel 21 in the tube
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    connection 12. In addition, a downstream side pressure sensing unit 26 that senses the pressure of the pretreated seawater primarily discharged from the filter vessel 21 and flowing into the connection tube 12 and a detection unit of The turbidity of the treated water 27 which detects the turbidity of the pretreated sea water is primarily arranged in the vicinity of the filtrate vessel 21 in the connection tube 12.
    Next, the primary filtering device 20 includes a post-cleaning mechanism 50 that removes the impurities that adhere to the bio-film of the layer of the filtering medium 22. The post-cleaning mechanism 50 includes a washing water supply unit 51 which supplies the wash water from the downstream side of the filter media layer 22, and a flow rate control unit (control unit) 52 that controls a flow rate of the wash water that is it will be supplied by the washing water supply unit 51. In addition, the rear cleaning mechanism 50 includes a washing water discharge unit 53 that discharges the washing water (effluent) that passes through the middle layer of filtering 22 from the upstream side.
    The washing water supply unit 51 includes a main supply unit installation 54 that includes a washing water supply source or a pump, and a washing water supply tube 55 connecting the main installation of the water supply unit. supply 54 and the bottom of the filter vessel 21 with each other. A connection-disconnection valve (third connection-disconnection valve) 56 for opening and closing a cleaning supply tube is arranged in the vicinity of the bottom of the filter vessel 21 in the washing water supply tube.
    A wash water discharge unit 53 includes a wash water discharge tube 57 which is connected to the top of the filter vessel 21 located above (upstream side) of the layer of the filter media 22. A connection-disconnection valve (fourth connection-disconnection valve) 58 to open and close the washing water discharge tube 57 is arranged in the washing water discharge tube 57. In addition, a turbidity detection unit of the wash water (detection unit) 59, which detects the turbidity of the wash water (effluent) discharged from the filter vessel 21 is arranged in the vicinity of the filter vessel 21 in the wash water discharge tube 57. The wash water turbidity detection unit 59 can be installed individually with the treated water turbidity detection unit 27 as in the illustrated example. For example, to also function as a turbidity detection unit of the treated water 27, the turbidity detection unit
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    of the wash water 59 can be connected to both the connection pipe 12 and the wash water discharge tube 57. The turbidity detection unit of the wash water 59 can be operated by a switching valve to selectively detect the turbidity of pretreated seawater primarily discharged from the filter vessel 21 and the turbidity of the washwater (effluent) discharged from the filter vessel 21.
    As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, after a flow rate control unit 52 supplies the wash water at a first flow rate V1 which fluidizes only a preset interval layer on the upstream side of the filter media layer 22, the flow rate control unit 52 supplies the wash water at a second flow rate V2 that does not fluidize the entire filter media layer 22. Here, the preset interval on the upstream side is an interval wherein many impurities, such as turbid components, adhere to the bio-film (for example, a range from an upper surface (end surface of the upstream side) of the layer of the filtering medium 22 to a position moved towards the downstream side of the filter media layer 22 up to several percentages to several tens percentages of the entire height of the filter media layer 22 (the entire height is defined as the range of the surface su Perior to the lower surface (end surface of the downstream side) of the filter media layer 22)). The preset range on the upstream side is selected depending on conditions such as turbidity, temperature and salinity of the untreated water, or filtering capacity of the layer of the filtering medium 22. Both the first flow rate V1 and the second Flow rate V2 is determined in such a way that a predetermined advantageous cleaning effect can be obtained (impurities can be effectively removed from the layer of the filtering medium 22), and are obtained by "Expression 1" below. The second flow rate V2 is slower than the first flow rate V1. For example, the first flow rate V1 that fluidizes only the upstream side of the filter media layer 22 is adjusted in view of the fact that a load applied to the downstream side portion of the layer of the Filtering medium 22 is heavier than a load applied to the upstream side.
    [Expression 1]
    V = 0.139ds3 / 2 (1 + 0.06en) (9t + 310) cs3 / 2 V = subsequent cleaning speed (cm / min)
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    t = water temperature (° C) ds = effective sand size (m / m) is = sand expansion rate (%) cs = sand uniformity coefficient
    This expression is quoted from "No. 9, vol. 5, Water Treatment Technology Written by Osamu Shinohara, 1964".
    With respect to the first flow rate described above V1, to confirm if only the preset interval layer is fluidized on the upstream side of the layer of the filtering medium 22, the primary biofilm filtering device 20 is produced for its test, and a subsequent cleaning test is performed. In addition, in a case where a result of the subsequent cleaning test shows that a fluidized interval is sufficient or insufficient, the flow rate can be adjusted so that only the preset interval layer on the upstream side is fluidized .
    Based on the turbidity detection result detected in the wash water turbidity detection unit described above 59, the flow rate control unit 52 switches the flow rate of the first wash water flow flow V1 at the second flow rate V2. According to the present embodiment, in a state in which the wash water is supplied to the layer of the filtering medium 22 at the first flow rate V1, after the turbidity detected in the detection unit of the turbidity of the wash water 59 reaches the maximum value Tp as illustrated in FIG. 3, and when the turbidity is reduced from the maximum value Tp to a predetermined level (first predetermined level), the flow rate control unit 52 switches the flow rate of the wash water of the first flow rate V1 to the second flow rate V2. The flow rate control unit described above 52 can change the flow rate of the wash water, for example, by adjusting an output of a pump of the main supply unit installation 54, or, for example, by adjusting a degree of opening of the fourth connection-disconnection valve 58 (flow adjustment valve).
    In addition, the primary filtering device 20 includes a switching control unit.
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    (not illustrated) that switches between a state in which seawater is supplied to the filter vessel 21 and a state in which the washwater is supplied to the filter vessel 21. The switching control unit according to The present mode of realization switches from the state in which the seawater is supplied to the filter vessel to the state in which the wash water is supplied to the filter vessel, based on the detection result of the detection unit of the upstream side pressure 24 and the downstream side pressure detection unit 26 and the result of the turbidity detection unit of the treated water 27.
    For example, in the state in which the seawater is supplied to the filter vessel 21, in a case in which the result of detecting the pressure of the upstream side pressure sensing unit 24 is equal at or greater than a predetermined value, compared to the result of the pressure detection of the downstream side pressure sensing unit 26 (in a case where a pressure difference is equal to or greater than the predetermined value ), the switching control unit determines that the layer of the filtering medium 22 is clogged. The switching control unit stops supplying the seawater to the filter vessel 21 by closing the first and second connection-disconnection valves 23 and 25, and begins supplying the wash water to the filter vessel 21 by opening the third and fourth Connection and disconnection valves 56 and 58. Also, for example, in the state in which seawater is supplied to the filter vessel 21, in a case where the result of detecting the turbidity of the detection unit of the turbidity of the treated water 27 is equal to or greater than a predetermined level, the switching control unit determines that the filtration function using the layer of the filtering medium 22 is degraded. Similar to the configuration described above, the switching control unit stops supplying seawater to the filter vessel 21, and begins to supply the washwater to the filter vessel 21.
    On the other hand, in the state in which the wash water is supplied to the filter vessel 21, in a case in which the result of detecting the turbidity of the turbidity detection unit of the washing water 59 is the same at or less than a predetermined level (second predetermined level in FIG. 3), the switching control unit determines that the filtration function of the layer of the filtering medium 22 is recovered. The switching control unit stops supplying the wash water to the filter vessel 21 by closing the third and fourth connection-disconnection valves 56 and 58, and begins to supply the seawater to the filter vessel 21 by opening the first and second connection and disconnection valves 23 and 25.
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    Similar to the primary filtering device 20, the secondary filtering device 30 performs a pretreatment without chemicals forming a layer of the filtering medium 32 in which the filtering vessel 31 is filled internally with sand, and forming the biopeKcula in the surface of the filter medium of the layer of the filter medium 32.
    That is, the connection tube 12 is connected to the upper part (part of the upstream side) of the filter vessel 31.
    A connection-disconnection valve (fifth connection-disconnection valve) 33 for opening and closing the connection tube 12 is arranged in the vicinity of the filter vessel 31 in the connection tube 12. Also, for example, similarly to The upstream side pressure sensing unit 24 of the primary filtering device 20, a pressure sensing unit (not illustrated) that senses the pressure of the primary pretreated seawater flowing in the connecting tube 12 can be arranged in the vicinity of the filter vessel 31 in the connection tube 12. In addition, the connection tube described above 11 is connected to the bottom (part of the downstream side) of the filter vessel 31. A connection valve -disconnection (sixth connection-disconnection valve) 35 to open and close the connection tube 11 is arranged in the vicinity of the filtrate vessel 31 in the connection tube 11. Also, for example, a joint d of pressure detection (not illustrated) or a turbidity detection unit (not illustrated) which is similar to the downstream side pressure detection unit 26 or the turbidity detection unit of the treated water 27 of the primary filtering device 20 may be disposed in the vicinity of the filtrate vessel 31 in the connection tube 11.
    In addition, similar to the primary filtering device 20, the secondary filtering device 30 includes a rear cleaning mechanism 60 to remove the impurities adhered to the bio-film from the layer of the filtering medium 32. The rear cleaning mechanism 60 of the device Secondary filter 30 includes a wash water supply unit 61 and a wash water discharge unit 63 that are similar to those of the primary filter device 20.
    The washing water supply unit 61 includes a main supply unit installation 64 that includes a washing water supply source or a pump, and a washing water supply tube 65 connecting the main installation of the water supply unit.
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    supply 64 and the bottom of the filter vessel 31 with each other. The flow rate of the wash water supplied from the main supply unit installation 64 to the layer of the filtering medium 32 is constant and is adjusted to be a flow rate that does not fluidize the layer of the entire filtering medium 32. A connection-disconnection valve (seventh connection-disconnection valve) 66 for opening and closing the washing water supply tube 65 is arranged in the washing water supply tube 65.
    Similar to the primary filtering device 20, the wash water discharge unit 63 includes a wash water discharge tube 67 which is connected to the top of the filter vessel 31 located above (upstream side) of the layer of the filtering medium 32. A connection-disconnection valve (eighth connection-disconnection valve) 68 for opening and closing the washing water discharge tube 67 is arranged in the washing water discharge tube 67. In addition, for example, a turbidity detection unit (not illustrated) that is similar to the turbidity detection unit of the wash water 59 of the primary filtering device 20 may be arranged in the vicinity of the filtering vessel 21 in the wash water discharge tube 67.
    In addition, the secondary filtering device 30 also includes a switching control unit (not illustrated) that is similar to that of the primary filtering device 20.
    Next, an operation of the purifier 10 in the desalination system 1 will be described in accordance with the present embodiment configured as described above, in particular, a cleaning procedure of the primary filtering device 20.
    In the purifier 10, the seawater is made to pass sequentially through the primary filtering device 20 and the secondary filtering device 30, thereby removing impurities such as cloudy components contained in the seawater (filtration process S1, reference to FIG. 2). In the filtration process S1, the impurities adhere to the bio-film formed on the layers of the filtering medium 22 and 32 of the respective filtering devices 20 and 30 so that they are removed from the seawater. The impurities in seawater are further removed in the upstream side interval (preset interval layer on the upstream side), as compared to the downstream side range of the layers of the filtering medium 22 and 32. In addition, in the filtration process S1, a switching control unit (not illustrated) of the
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    Filtering devices 20 and 30 monitors the detection result of the upstream side pressure detection unit 24 and the downstream side pressure detection unit 26 or the detection result of the detection unit of turbidity of treated water 27.
    During the filtration process described above S1, for example, in the primary filtering device, in a case where the result of the pressure detection of the upstream side pressure detection unit 24 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, compared to the result of the pressure detection of the downstream side pressure sensing unit 26, or in a case where the result of the turbidity detection of the unit of Detection of the turbidity of the treated water 27 is equal to or greater than a predetermined level, the switching control unit stops supplying the seawater to the filtrate vessel 21 by closing the first and second connection-disconnection valves 23 and 25, and It begins to supply the wash water to the filter vessel 21 by opening the third and fourth connection-disconnection valves 56 and 58. In this way, the washing water is supplied from the downstream side of the layer. of the filtering medium 22 to start a cleaning process S2 (referring to FIG. 2) of the cleaning of the layer of the filtering medium 22. In the cleaning process S2 (cleaning procedure), a first cleaning process S21 and a second cleaning process S22 (referring to FIG. 2) are performed sequentially, thereby removing impurities that adhere to the bio-film of the layer of the filtering medium 22 of the layer of the filtering medium 22.
    In the first cleaning process S21, the wash water is supplied at the first flow rate V1 which fluidizes only the preset interval layer on the upstream side of the layer of the filtering medium 22. According to the present mode In fact, the flow rate control unit 52 controls the flow rate of the wash water to be the first flow rate V1. In the first cleaning process S21, the range of the upstream side of the layer of the filtering medium 22 which has many impurities that adhere to the bio-film is positively fluidized. Consequently, the impurities in the upstream side range of the layer of the filtering medium 22 are removed quickly and efficiently. Furthermore, in the first cleaning process S21, the range of the downstream side of the layer of the filtering medium 22 having a few impurities that adhere to the bio-film does not fluidize. The impurities in the range of the downstream side of the layer of the filtering medium 22 are gradually removed.
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    Then, in a state that contains the removed impurities, the wash water (effluent) that passes through the layer of the filtering medium 22 at the first flow rate V1 is discharged from the upstream side of the layer of the filtering medium 22 to the wash water discharge tube 57. Therefore, in the first cleaning process S21, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the impurities contained in the effluent increase over time, and the turbidity of the effluent becomes greater. Then, the turbidity of the effluent reaches the maximum value Tp, and after this, the turbidity begins to decrease.
    In the cleaning procedure according to the present mode of realization, the turbidity of the effluent is detected (detection process). The detection process according to the present embodiment is carried out by the turbidity detection unit of the wash water 59. In addition, in the cleaning procedure according to the present embodiment, based on the detection result From turbidity in the detection process, the first cleaning process described above S21 is switched to the second cleaning process S22 (switching process, which will be described later). The switching process according to the present embodiment is carried out by the flow rate control unit 52.
    In the switching process according to the present embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the turbidity is reduced from the maximum value Tp to the first predetermined level, the flow rate control unit 52 switches the flow rate of the wash water from the first flow rate V1 to the second flow rate. V2 flow. In this way, the second cleaning process S22 is carried out in which the washing water is supplied at the second flow rate V2 which does not fluidize the entire filtering medium layer 22.
    In the second cleaning process S22, the flow rate of the washing water passing through the layer of the filtering medium 22 is slower than in the first cleaning process S21. Consequently, the impurities are less effectively removed from the layer of the filtering medium 22, as compared to the first cleaning process S21. However, since the wash water flows into the entire filter media layer 22, the impurities are removed from the filter media layer 22 gradually. Thus, in the second cleaning process S22, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the turbidity of the effluent slowly decreases over time.
    Then, when the turbidity of the effluent is equal to or less than the second level
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    By default, the second cleaning process S22 stops as illustrated in FIG. 2, and the filtration process described above S1 is restarted. In accordance with the present embodiment, the second cleaning process S22 is switched to the filtration process S1 by the switching control unit. The filtration process S1, the first cleaning process S21 and the second cleaning process S22 are performed repeatedly and sequentially.
    The cleaning procedure of the secondary filtering device 30 can be performed in a similar manner to the cleaning procedure of the primary filtering device, except for the first cleaning process described above S21 and the switching process, and therefore, its description will be omitted. .
    As described above, in accordance with the present embodiment, when the filter media layer 22 of the primary filter device 20 is cleaned, the range upstream side of the filter media layer 22 which has many impurities Adhering to the biofilm first fluidizes positively. Consequently, impurities in the upstream side range of the layer of the filtering medium 22 can be removed quickly and efficiently. On the other hand, even if the wash water is supplied to the filter media layer at the first flow rate V1, the range of the downstream side of the filter media layer 22 is not fluidized. However, after this, if the wash water is still supplied at the second flow rate V2, the impurities in the range of the downstream side of the layer of the filtering medium 22 can also be sufficiently removed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the water quality of the filtered liquid (secondary pretreated seawater or fresh water) from deteriorating in the treatment facilities (the secondary filtering device 30 and the desalination device 40) performing the treatment on the pretreated seawater primarily discharged from the primary filtering device 20.
    Furthermore, in accordance with the present embodiment, the upstream side range within the layer of the filtering medium 22 is limited fluidized by the wash water. Consequently, the biofilm separates only from the preset interval layer on the upstream side of the filter media layer 22 due to cleaning, and the biofilm in the downstream side range of the medium layer of Filtering is maintained. In addition, the range of the upstream side of the layer of the filtering medium 22 is located at an inlet side where the seawater flows. Consequently, it is possible to quickly recover the biofilm in the range of the upstream side of the layer of the filtering medium 22 upon restarting the filtration process S1. For the
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    Thus, even if cleaning is performed, a filtration function of the primary filtering device 20 can be maintained. Even immediately after cleaning, seawater can be filtered.
    For the reason described above, according to the present mode of realization, in comparison with a case in which the wash water is supplied at a single flow rate, the impurities that adhere to the bio-film of the medium layer of Filtering 22 can be effectively removed while preventing the filtration function of the primary filtering device 20 from degrading.
    Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the second flow rate V2 of the wash water in the second cleaning process S22 is slower than the first flow rate V1 of the wash water in the first cleaning process S21. Consequently, compared to a case where the wash water is supplied at a single flow rate, it is possible to reduce the amount of wash water used.
    Also, in accordance with the present embodiment, according to the turbidity of the effluent discharged from the upstream side of the layer of the filtering medium 22, the flow rate of the wash water that is supplied to the medium layer Filter 22 can be suitably switched from the first flow rate V1 to the second flow rate V2. Consequently, the impurities that adhere to the bio-film of the layer of the filtering medium 22 can be removed more efficiently.
    [Second mode of realization]
    Next, with respect to a second embodiment according to the present invention, mainly different points than those according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. The same reference numbers will be given for common configurations to those that agree with the first embodiment, and their description will be omitted.
    As illustrated in FIG. 4, a primary filtering device 20A according to the present embodiment is disposed in the desalination system 1 (see FIG. 1) instead of the primary filtering device 20 according to the first embodiment.
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    The primary filtering device 20A according to the present embodiment includes the filtering vessel 21, the layer of the filtering medium 22, and the subsequent cleaning mechanism 50 which are similar to those according to the first mode of realization. However, the layer of the filtering medium 22 according to the present embodiment is divided into multiple layers 22A1 to 22An in a direction from the upstream side to the downstream side. The layer of the filtering medium 22 in the illustrated example is divided into the number n (n = 2, 3, 4, •••) of layers 22A1 to 22An. At least one of a particle size and a specific weight of the filtering medium that forms the uppermost layer 22A1 located in the uppermost stream in the multiple layers 22A1 to 22An is adjusted to be smaller than that of the other layers 22A2 to 22An located on the downstream side of the uppermost layer 22A1. The filtering medium of the other layers 22A2 to 22An may have mutually different particle sizes or specific weights, or it may have the same particle size or specific gravity. For example, the particle size or specific gravity of the filtering medium in the other layers 22A2 to 22An can be adjusted to be equal or greater towards the downstream side of the layer of the filtering medium 22.
    Then, according to the present embodiment, the first flow rate V1 (referring to FIG. 2) is adjusted by the flow rate control unit 52 to fluidize only the uppermost layer 22A1. On the contrary, the first suitable flow rate V1 can be easily adjusted by adjusting the particle size and the specific weight of the filtering medium in the uppermost layer 22A1 as described above. Hereinafter, details will be described with reference to FIG. 5.
    In a graph in FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents the flow rate of the wash water, and the vertical axis represents a cleaning effect (subsequent cleaning effect) corresponding to the flow rate of the wash water. If a numerical value of the cleaning effect is increased, the increase in the numerical value indicates that the layer of the filtering medium 22 is effectively cleaned. In addition, a "lower limit of the cleaning effect" represents a threshold to determine whether or not an advantageous cleaning effect can be obtained in the primary filtering device 20A.
    The characteristics of the cleaning effect are determined uniquely, according to the particle size or the specific weight of the filtering medium that forms the filtering medium layer 22.
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    That is, a relationship between the flow rate of the wash water and the cleaning effect in a case of the uppermost layer 22A1 is determined as illustrated by a continuous line of the graph in FIG. 5. In addition, a relationship between the flow rate of the wash water and the cleaning effect in one case of the other layers 22A2 to 22An is determined as illustrated by a broken line of the same graph.
    In addition, since the graph of FIG. 5, it is possible to easily obtain a flow rate (threshold flow rate Vm2 of the uppermost layer 22A1) of the wash water corresponding to a threshold between a fluidized state and a non-fluidized state of the uppermost layer 22A1, a velocity of flow (threshold flow rate Vm1 of the other layers 22A2 to 22An) of the wash water corresponding to a threshold between a fluidized state and a non-fluidized state of the other layers, and a flow rate (lower limit flow rate Vs ) of the wash water corresponding to the "lower limit of the cleaning effect". The particle size or specific weight of the other layers 22A2 to 22An is greater than that of the uppermost layer 22A1. Consequently, the threshold flow rate Vm1 of the other layers 22A2 to 22An is faster than the threshold flow rate Vm2 of the uppermost layer 22A1.
    Therefore, the first suitable flow rate V1 of the wash water can be adjusted in a range of the threshold flow rate Vm2 of the uppermost layer 22A1 to the threshold flow rate Vm1 of the other layers 22A2 through 22An. In addition, the second suitable flow rate V2 (referring to FIG. 2) of the wash water can be adjusted in a range of the lower limit flow rate Vs and slower than the threshold flow rate Vm2 of the layer more superior 22A1.
    In accordance with the primary filtering device 20A of the present embodiment, the same advantageous effect is achieved as in accordance with the first embodiment.
    Furthermore, due to the flow of the wash water, it is likely that the uppermost layer 22A1 is more fluidized than the other layers 22A2 through 22An. Consequently, the first flow rate V1 is easily adjusted. That is, only the uppermost layer 22A1 can be properly and simply fluidized. Therefore, it is possible to shorten a cleaning time. Also, since it is likely that the uppermost layer 22A1 is more fluidized than the other layers 22A2 through 22An, the first flow rate V1 can be reduced to a lower level. In this way, even if the layer of the filtering medium 22 is cleaned, the biofuel is maintained
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    more easily in the layer of the filtering medium 22. It is possible to reduce the amount of washing water used for cleaning.
    [Third mode of realization]
    Next, with respect to a third embodiment according to the present invention, mainly different points than those according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 6. The same reference numbers will be given for common configurations to those that are in accordance with the first embodiment, and their description will be omitted.
    As illustrated in FIG. 6, a primary filtering device 20B according to the present embodiment is disposed in the desalination system 1 (see FIG. 1) instead of the primary filtering device 20 according to the first embodiment. The primary filtering device 20B according to the present embodiment includes the filtering vessel 21, the layer of the filtering medium 22, and the subsequent cleaning mechanism 50 that are similar to those according to the first mode of realization. However, the layer of the filtering medium 22 according to the present embodiment is divided into multiple (two in the illustrated example) layers 22B1 and 22B2 in a direction from the upstream side to the downstream side.
    The particle size or specific gravity of the filtering medium that forms the uppermost layer 22B1 located on the side of the uppermost stream in the multiple layers 22B1 and 22B2 can be adjusted to be smaller than that of the other layer 22B2, for example, similar to a case according to the second embodiment. The filtering medium that forms the uppermost layer 22B1 can have the same particle size or the same specific gravity as the filtering medium that forms the other layer 22B2.
    In addition, the primary filtering device 20B according to the present embodiment includes an inhibitor of the mixture 28 disposed between the uppermost layer 22B1 and the other adjacent layer 22B2 on the downstream side. The inhibitor of the mixture 28 prevents the uppermost layer 22B1 and the other layer 22B2 from mixing with each other and is a network-like member through which seawater or filtered water passes.
    In accordance with the primary filtering device 20B of the present embodiment, the same advantageous effect is achieved as in accordance with the first embodiment.
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    In addition, to prevent the uppermost layer 22B1 and the other layer 22B2 from mixing together, the wash water is supplied at the first flow rate V1 (referring to FIG. 2). In this way, only the uppermost layer 22B1 is fluidized reliably, and therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the other layer 22B2 from fluidizing.
    Until now, the present invention has been described in detail. However, without being limited to the embodiments described above, the present invention may adopt various additional modifications within the scope without departing from the essence of the present invention.
    For example, the flow rate control unit 52 according to the embodiments described above switches the flow rates of the wash water, based on the turbidity detection result of the turbidity detection unit. of the wash water 59. However, for example, the filtration process S1 is switched to the cleaning process S2 and, subsequently, the flow rates of the wash water can be automatically switched between each other after a predetermined time has elapsed. .
    In addition, the control of the flow rate of the wash water that is performed by the flow rate control unit 52 is not limited to only the primary filtering device 20, and can be applied to the secondary filtering device 30, for example.
    In addition, according to the embodiments described above, untreated water is filtered using the two filtering devices 20 and 30 in two stages. However, the number of bio-filtering devices that configure the purifier 10 is not particularly limited, and the untreated water can be filtered in one stage or in three or more stages. In this case, it is desirable that the bio-filtering device and the cleaning process according to the present invention be applied in the first stage or in those that are close to the first stage, but the configuration is not particularly limited.
    Furthermore, without being applied limitedly in the desalination system 1, the bio-filtering device and the cleaning procedure according to the present invention can be applied to various systems that need to remove the mixed impurities in the untreated water (objective liquid). .
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    Industrial applicability
    In accordance with the present invention, impurities that adhere to a biopeKcula of a layer of the filtering medium can be effectively removed while preventing a filtration function of a biopeKcula filtering device from degrading.
    List of reference symbols
    1: DESALINATION SYSTEM,
    20, 20A, 20B: PRIMARY BIOPEUCULA FILTER DEVICE,
    22: FILTER MEDIA COAT,
    22A1, 22B1: HIGHER LAYER,
    22A2 TO 22An, 22B2: OTHER LAYER (S),
    28: INHIBITOR OF THE MIX,
    30: SECONDARY BIOPEUCULA FILTER DEVICE,
    40: DESALINATION DEVICE,
    51: WASHING WATER SUPPLY UNIT,
    52: FLOW SPEED CONTROL UNIT (CONTROL UNIT),
    59: WASHING WATER TURBIDITY DETECTION UNIT (DETECTION UNIT),
    S11: FIRST CLEANING PROCESS,
    S22: SECOND CLEANING PROCESS,
    V1: FIRST FLOW SPEED,
    V2: SECOND FLOW SPEED
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
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    A biopeKcula filtering device in which a biopeKcula formed on a layer of the filtering medium removes the mixed impurities in a target liquid flowing from an upstream side to discharge a filtered liquid from a downstream side, comprising:
    a washing water supply unit that supplies washing water from the downstream side of the filter media layer; Y
    a control unit that controls a flow rate of the wash water supplied by the wash water supply unit,
    wherein after the control unit supplies the wash water at a first flow rate that fluidizes only a preset interval layer that is in a range from an upper surface of the filter media layer to a predetermined position in the upstream side of the layer of the filter media with respect to the entire height of the layer of the filter media, the control unit supplies the wash water at a second flow rate that does not fluidize the layer of the filter media whole
    [2]
    2. The biofilm filtering device according to claim 1, further comprising:
    a detection unit that detects the turbidity of an effluent flowing from the upstream side of the layer of the washing water filtering medium supplied by the washing water supply unit,
    wherein the control unit switches the flow rates of the wash water, based on a turbidity detection result using the detection unit.
    [3]
    3. The biofilm filtering device according to claim 1 or 2,
    in which the layer of the filtering medium is divided into multiple layers in one direction from the upstream side to the downstream side,
    wherein at least one of a particle size and a specific weight of a filtering medium in the uppermost layer located in the uppermost stream in the multiple layers, is adjusted to be smaller than that of the filtering medium in the other layers located on the downstream side of the uppermost layer, and
    wherein the first flow rate controlled by the control unit is the flow rate that fluidizes only the uppermost layer.
    [4]
    4. The biofilm filtering device according to any one of the
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    claims 1 to 3,
    wherein the layer of the filtering medium is divided into multiple layers in one direction from the upstream side to the downstream side, and
    wherein the biopeKcula filtering device further comprises a mixing inhibitor that is disposed between the uppermost layer located on the uppermost side of the multiple layers and the other layers adjacent to the downstream side of the uppermost layer, and It inhibits the uppermost layer and the other layers from mixing with each other.
    [5]
    5. A desalination system comprising:
    the biofilm filtering device according to any one of claims 1 to 4; Y
    a desalination device that desalinates the filtered liquid discharged from the biofilter filter device.
    [6]
    6. A method of cleaning a bio-film filtering device for cleaning a layer of the filtering medium by supplying wash water from a side downstream of the layer of the filtering medium by the bio-filtering device in which a bio-film formed on the layer of the filtering medium remove the impurities mixed in a target liquid flowing from an upstream side to discharge a filtered liquid from the downstream side, the procedure comprising:
    a first cleaning process of supplying the wash water at a first flow rate that fluidizes only a preset interval layer that is in a range from an upper surface of the filter media layer to a predetermined position on the water side above the filter media layer with respect to the entire height of the filter media layer; Y
    a second cleaning process of supplying the wash water at a second flow rate that does not fluidize the entire filter media layer after the first cleaning process.
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    同族专利:
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    WO2015115591A1|2015-08-06|
    AU2015211762A1|2016-07-28|
    ES2589593R1|2017-02-09|
    JP2015142885A|2015-08-06|
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    JP2014016963A|JP2015142885A|2014-01-31|2014-01-31|Biofilm filter device, desalination system, and method for cleaning biofilm filter device|
    JP2014-016963|2014-01-31|
    PCT/JP2015/052643|WO2015115591A1|2014-01-31|2015-01-30|Biofilm filter device, desalination system, and biofilm filter device cleansing method|
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